Table 3.1a: List of work packages (WP) - Project Management

WP1: Data Foundations

WP2: Exploiting the data

WP3: Actor-Level Footprinting

WP4: Innovation in Sustainable Food Production

WP5: Balancing the Interests

WP6: Coordination, Dissemination, and Outreach

Text versions of Tables 3.1a and Table 3.1b suitable for copy-paste:

Table 3.1a: List of Work Packages (WPs)

WP No	WP Title	Lead Participant No.	Lead Participant Short Name	Person- Months	Start Month	End Month
1	Data Foundations	16	ETHZ	161	1	48
2	Exploiting the data	3	UOY	151	3	46
3	Actor-Level Footprinting	2	ULEI	146	1	48
4	Innovation in Sustainable Food Production	1.1	NILUAB	120	1	49
5	Balancing the Interests	4	GLOBE	83	1	48
6	Coordination, Dissemination, and Outreach	1	NILU	96	1	49
Total				757

Table 3.1b: Description of Work Packages

Work package number	1
Work package title	Data Foundations
Objectives: This WP aims to address SO1, SO3 and SO5. We do this by solidifying and enhancing the data foundation for food footprinting and in turn, create the basis for deriving PEF compliant datasets in WP2 and fill most relevant gaps in life cycle impact assessment methods.
Description of work: T1.1: Breaking new ground: overcoming spatial and temporal limitations in agricultural production data Lead: SEI (10PM). Effort by contributors: ETHZ (10PM), UOY (6PM), DDS (2PM), NILU (0.5PM). Timing: M1-19. Mapping of the subnational (municipality, district, province) agricultural production of all key global crops, including their tonnage, area and yield. The higher accuracy and spatial-explicitness of this dataset allows important improvements in all following other analyses, particularly on resource and energy use, and as well as on environmental impacts of food production. We will build upon the current research of this consortium that developed the GSAP (Global Subnational Agricultural Production) database, covering the subnational regions of the vast majority of countries. Remaining agricultural products will be modelled based on other datasets and research of consortium members, such as the HESTIA.earth database, Cropgrids, and MapSPAM. Contributes to: D1.1 (M18). This task is linked to the following milestones: MS1.1 (M18). T1.2: Providing new-generation quantification of resource and energy use and eutrophying emissions in crop production Lead: ETHZ (10PM). Effort by contributors: SEI (5PM), ULEI (3PM), UOY (3PM), NILU (0.5PM). Timing: M6-36. Based on Task 1.1, we develop a detailed crop growth model using remote sensing based information in combination with growth and yield statistics for establishing more accurate inventory flows of crop production for key processes and biosphere exchanges. This allows us to add details on land use and land use change, with a special focus on tropical deforestation associated with food imports. Based on the detailed land use data, we will enhance water consumption estimates through an irrigation model (with increased level of detail based on previous work of the consortium). We will close the gap of detailed nutrient use and emission inventories, by enhancing fertiliser application models, differentiating artificial and organic fertiliser (for organic production) and model related N and P emissions. This also allows better estimating energy use in food supply chains due to fertiliser application. We extend model greenhouse / vertical farming production models to provide detailed information on land use, water consumption, heat and electricity demand, and material use. Contributes to: D1.2 (M36). T1.3: Improving footprinting of feed and other resource use for animal products Lead: ETHZ (10PM). Effort by contributors: ULEI (4PM), UOY (4PM), DDS (2PM). Timing: M1-37. We will utilise GLEAM to assess resource use and environmental impacts of livestock products by simulating the entire livestock production system from feed production to final product output. It considers various factors such as animal genetics, management practices, and feed composition to estimate resource inputs and environmental outputs such as greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient losses, and water use. For aquatic food, we will extend feed and energy use models, and add a model on antibiotics use in aquaculture, and assess key emissions (ULEI). For wild catch, we will explore novel parameters related to capture fisheries, including locations, fishing effort magnitude, and fishing gear type, and also consider related by-catch and trawling in benthic habitat areas. The Inventory results generated in this Task and Task 1.2 will be coupled with enhanced, regionalized impact assessment methods. Detailed assessment of land use change via use of spatially explicit inventory data and geospatial/remote-sensing information will also facilitate better modelling of related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, biodiversity loss, and assessment of soil health impacts due to erosion and compaction as well as loss of ecosystem services. Based on the enhanced fertiliser model, we will assess freshwater eutrophication and will improve the model for marine eutrophication. Existing models will be improved based on ongoing work at ULEI, CNRS and ETHZ. Ammonia emissions from fertiliser application will be addressed with a regionalized PM model developed by ETHZ and NILU. Continuing ongoing work at CNRS, ULEI and ETHZ, water scarcity impact assessment will be extended at the global scale distinguishing soil moisture, surface water and groundwater). Impact assessment models of wild catch are so far limited in scope and functionality. We will assess impacts of fisheries on fish stock depletion and related impacts on the marine ecosystem based on ongoing work at SRC, ETHZ, ULEI and UOY. Contributes to: D1.3 (M36). T1.4: Modelling domestic and international trade and transport modes and emissions Lead: ULEI (0PM). Effort by contributors: ETHZ (9PM), SEI (9PM), UOY (5PM), NILU (1PM), DDS (1PM). Timing: M10-48. This task develops a comprehensive spatially explicit approach to analyse the supply chains and footprint of agricultural products. This integrated approach will involve analysing subnational commodity flows combining Trase for selected high-impact crops with FABIO/MRIO for full coverage of all international trade flows. About 85% of all traded products are transported by sea, a number that increases for the specific case of staple foods given their bulky nature. We will model global maritime transport of food trade and assess associated maritime shipping emissions. For all other transportation modes, we will develop a detailed multi-modal transport model, incorporating assessment of greenhouse gas and particulate matter emissions. Regarding IPR, the Trase data is all open, however some input data may be restricted. While the data product used to obtain results might not be shared, the final outputs that are part of the project will be freely shareable as long as we make sure they are not traceable back to the input data. Contributes to: D1.4 (M40). T1.5: Align nutritional and environmental footprint data for easier direct comparison of environmental and dietary profile of foods Lead: ZHAW (11PM). Effort by contributors: ETHZ (9PM), ULEI (3PM). Timing: M6-36. This task includes the following elements: (1) Provide information about nutritional contents of food products and food categories based on existing literature and databases; (2) Literature review to include relevant nutritional aspects (e.g. protein quality, bio-availability) with a focus on new plant-based protein sources and novel foods; (3) Literature research on existing data on the influence of different processing methods on the nutritional composition (for main crops); (4) Compile nutrient requirements of population; (5) Integrate assessment approaches or methodologies to assess how well a menu meets nutritional requirements; (6) Data preparation, harmonisation and conversion of the results into a previously defined and compatible data format for the subsequent work packages. Contributes to: D1.2 (M24), D1.3 (M32). T1.6: Including Food Waste and Processing Into Food LCA Results Lead: ZHAW (11PM). Effort by contributors: ETHZ (9PM). Timing: M10-46. This task includes the following elements: (1) Updated review of existing literature and databases with information about the amounts of FLW; (2) at each level of the food value chain (FVC) including the stages of agricultural production (including harvest and postharvest losses), wholesale (including transport, storage, and postharvest losses), processing (including overproduction and edible side streams), the food service industry as well as households in Europe (with a focus on Switzerland) and in developing countries and in different food categories; (3) A compilation of aspects to consider in order to make data comparable; (4) Implications of different definitions used in various contexts (e.g. edible/potentially edible/inedible, avoidable/possibly avoidable/unavoidable, food losses/waste, including/excluding use as animal feed etc.); (5) Methodologies how to consider FLW in LCA analysis depending on the scope of the assessment. Contributes to: D1.5 (M42), D1.1 (M21). T1.7: Technical implementation and data merging for a PEF-compliant database Lead: ZHAW (11PM). Effort by contributors: ETHZ (9PM), INTEC (2PM), NILU (1PM). Timing: M30-42. Datasets generated in this Work package into an LCA database that meets the standards of PEF. The task will link and further develop models and datasets to enhance data sharing and validation, increase visibility and relevance, and improve data utilisation. The results of WP1 form the basis to consistently include environmental impacts of processes and FLW at the various stages of the FVC and their impact reduction potential as well as nutritional aspects in the methodologies developed in WP2, into EU-wide modelling in WP3, case studies in WP4, stakeholder involvement in WP5, and management in WP6. Contributes to: D1.5 (M42).

Work package number	2
Work package title	Exploiting the data
Objectives: This WP aims to address SO3 and SO6. We do this by better institutionalisation of food footprint information systems, achieved by (i) gathering and assessing the technological readiness, FAIRness and compliance to Product Environmental Footprint standards of key food-impact linked (LCA, footprint and other) datasets; (ii) developing recommendations for (and implemented selected) improvements via data-provider engagement; and (iii) increasing dissemination and uptake of knowledge via accessible AI technologies.
Description of work: T2.1: Generate a centralised repository of food-linked data Lead: ETHZ (5PM). Effort by contributors: UOY (5PM), ZHAW (4PM), SEI (2PM), COOL (2PM). Timing: M3-12. ata on the environmental impacts of food is scattered. Here, we will gather and interrogate existing food-related datasets (LCA, IO-based/footprinting, production and processing, nutritional, supply-chain management-linked, geospatial/remote-sensing and trade resources) encompassing information and datasets linked to production, processing, consumption and end-of-life/waste stages of the food system. The purpose of this review is to support standardization efforts and help build a roadmap for how to move from the current state of the art to robust PEF standards. The purpose of the review is not distil knowledge, i.e. it is not to get a robust understanding of food system impacts. The purpose is simply to support standardization efforts. We will centrally and systematically record key components of the data. We will document the scope of information being provided (e.g. supply chain stage covered, indicators specified/available, commodity coverage, specificity/resolution, time-series etc), the management of the data by data-owners (e.g. ownership, periodicity of uptake, project resourcing and marketing etc), examples of use-cases and applications (e.g. impactful case studies, known utilisation in policy or private-sector decision making) and availability to end-users (openness, licensing, availability of meta-data and methodology materials, investment in training materials etc). Contributes to: D2.1 (M21). T2.2: Targeted investments for FAIRness and PEF compliance Lead: UOY (6PM). Effort by contributors: ULEI (3PM), DDS (3PM), SEI (2PM), COOL (2PM). Timing: M12-21. Data uptake grossly lags behind data availability. We will assess datasets (including those resources developed/owned by the project team, but also external parties) for technological ‘readiness’. Initial triage (based on Task 2.1 datasets) will identify those most important in providing (or having the potential to provide) actionable information to private sector and policy decision maker needs. Key criteria will include the development status of datasets (i.e. maturity as a product and potential longevity etc), uniqueness (i.e. ability to fill gaps in knowledge), levels of impact (i.e. existing uptake in practice, demonstrable use-cases), and scientific quality, including reported uncertainties. Triage will identify datasets which span the breadth of food sustainability issues (environmental domains, supply chain stages, end-users targeted etc) with the most ‘valuable’ use cases. For this subset of ‘most valuable products’ we will undertake assessment of adherence to FAIR principles and Product Environmental Footprint standards; systematically identifying weaknesses. For the latter, we will benchmark data provision and documentation against PEF guidance from the perspective of dataset readiness to provide information to the sixteen core environmental footprints, plus the optional ‘further environmental information’ aspects of PEF implementation. Best practice examples will be collated across the tools and datasets. Contributes to: D2.1 (M21), D2.5 (M42). This task is linked to the following milestones: MS2.1 (M15). T2.3: Improve the technological readiness of key datasets Lead: UOY (5PM). Effort by contributors: NILU (5PM), CNRS (3PM), DDS (3PM), ZHAW (3PM), ULEI (2PM), SEI (2PM), ETHZ (2PM), COOL (2PM). Timing: M22-34. To enhance uptake, we will develop recommendations for each tool/data provider based on the assessment of weaknesses and best practice examples (T2.2). We will actively disseminate findings to data providers, who will be invited to attend one-to-one discussion meetings with the project team. We will also host two workshops across multiple partners (covering the same topic, but split to allow attendance from more parties and deeper interaction) to encourage further sharing of best practice and ‘challenges’ in responding to recommendations. An academic publication will also be produced to share outcomes openly. For tools provided by project partners we will, via project funding, implement selected recommendations. This task contributes to D2.2 (M24), D2.3 (M32) and D2.4 (M34). Milestone: M2.2 (M28) Stakeholder workshops (M28); M2.3 (M28): Assessment of which internal tool/data provider recommendations will be implemented (M28). Contributes to: D2.2 (M24), D2.3 (M32), D2.4 (M34). This task is linked to the following milestones: MS2.2 (M28), MS2.3 (M28). T2.4: Building statistical robustness to improve PEF quality Lead: DDS (28PM). Effort by contributors: ZHAW (3PM), ETHZ (2PM), COOL (2PM). Timing: M6-36. So far almost no work exists estimating the reliability or confidence parameters of any food footprint data. The motivation of this task is to better understand statistical robustness within and across LCA databases, and thus to establish error budgets and prioritise improvements. Building on T2.1 and T2.2, and outputs from WP1, we will harmonise project data and other open data sources using a common glossary, and enter the resulting outputs into a high-performance data storage. We will also deduce logical relationships between inputs and outputs using current inventory datasets, supplemented with consortium expertise and AI. This logic will be used to create product system models which can be linked into flexible supply chains, and used to calculate the synthesised best-available knowledge of agricultural and other LCA data. The models and quantitative results produced can support decision making directly, either by providing direct or user-specific LCA results through an open web research portal, or through an interface to the AICA system (T2.5). Contributes to: D2.5 (M36). T2.5: Launch an AI conversational agent (AICA) for food LCA supply chain and environmental impact info Lead: INTEC (24PM). Effort by contributors: ARBO (22PM), UOY (2PM), SEI (2PM), NILU (1PM), ULEI (1PM), ETHZ (1PM), CNRS (1PM), DDS (1PM). Timing: M26-46. We will develop a prototype AICA that answers user-posed questions in natural language about the impacts of the EU’s food system. It will utilise food linked LCA, footprint and other data developed within and outwith the project (incl. sources developed in WP1 and assessed in WP2), collated into a central structured database. Quantitative data will be complemented by information derived from research outputs (including outputs from WP3 and WP4) and other assessments. Training of the AICI will take place via development of common questions inspired by the EU’s policy context and the guidance received via stakeholders (WP5). We will undergo a thorough validation process, drawing on expertise from across the consortium. Iteration of the model based on feedback from the experts will take place before final production launch towards the end of the project. Contributes to: D2.6 (M42), D2.7 (M42). This task is linked to the following milestones: MS2.4 (M30), MS2.5 (M32), MS2.6 (M34).

Work package number	3
Work package title	Actor-Level Footprinting
Objectives: This WP aims to address SO1, SO2, and SO5. We do this by (i) identifying high-impact consumer and producer groups in EU food systems otherwise ignored by national-scale food system footprinting, (ii) assessing the trade-offs of sustainable EU food transition pathways from a multi-actor perspective, and (iii) quantifying environmental gains of scaling novel food solutions (WP4) within the EU.
Description of work: T3.1: Integrate actor-level food consumption and production data to FABIO Lead: ULEI (16PM). Effort by contributors: ETHZ (2PM), NILU (1PM), UOY (1PM). Timing: M1-9. To identify consumer groups, we will use micro expenditure data from the Household Budget Survey to distinguish consumption patterns of households by income group and NUTS-2 regions. Equivalent disaggregation of macroeconomic agricultural production accounts using agricultural census data will be undertaken to distinguish the contribution of farmers to national food production by farm type, revenue, size and NUTS-2 region. T3.2: Benchmark actor-level environmental footprints in European food system Lead: ULEI (16PM). Effort by contributors: SEI (6PM), ETHZ (2PM), INTEC (2PM). Timing: M9-23. To harmonise impact and actor-level data, LCIs generated in WP1 and validated in WP2 will be aligned by concordance to sectors present within the chosen MRIO database(s). The contribution of food consumption and production groups to the environmental impacts of EU food systems (e.g. climate, pollution and biodiversity) will be benchmarked at regional (NUTS-2), national, EU and global scales. The nutritional quality and socio-economic impacts of diets will also be evaluated to assess synergies and trade-offs with environmental sustainability. Network analysis will complement ranking of groups’ (actors and regions) impacts to identify existing best practices and key targets for improvement actions. This task is linked to the following milestones: MS3.1 (M23). T3.3: Consumer survey to develop EU food consumption futures for EU contries Lead: GLOBE (10PM). Effort by contributors: ULEI (15PM). Timing: M23-28. To understand consumer preference or opposition towards certain food solutions, a new quantitative consumer survey will be carried out to explore the likely uptake of various innovative food solutions and the trade-offs consumers would make. A representative sample of n=1,000 will be obtained in each EU member state with population >5m, stratified by sub-groups in EU food consumption microdata and national food intake surveys of non-EU countries, aligned with Task 3.1. Contributes to: D3.1 (M28). T3.4: Producer survey to develop EU food production storylines of scalable mitigation Lead: UOXF (15PM). Effort by contributors: ULEI (15PM). Timing: M1-21. The HESTIA field trials will conduct baseline LCAs of ~1000 EU pig, dairy and/or arable farms, and questionnaires with farmers to understand their preferences and behaviours. Farmers will be given access to an advice engine, which will suggest actions likely to be most effective at reducing their impacts compiled from other farmers in the cohort and a meta-analysis. We will use this to assess farmer willingness to adopt a broad range of specific practices. We will conduct surveys with farmers to understand what incentives or support is needed for farmers to adopt high-impact practices with low adoption rates. The findings from the surveys and trials will be used to develop transition scenarios (Task 3.5). This farmer cohort will form the basis for the Randomised Control Trial (RCT), where we will quantify actual adoption and change in farm environmental outcomes (task 4.8). Contributes to: D3.2 (M20). T3.5: Model EU food futures from a multi-actor perspective Lead: ULEI (15PM). Timing: M21-35. Distinct food system scenario storylines of consumers (Task 3.3) and producers (Task 3.4) will be used to parameterise the demand- and supply-side behaviours in relation to different improvement domains: e.g. i) food loss and waste, ii) dietary change, iii) sustainable and secure sourcing, and iv) agri-food innovation (including changes induced by provision of LCA data to farmers, task 3.4). Based on these storylines, we will highlight key opportunities for reducing environmental impacts and assess trade-offs and synergies between food system goals (e.g. food and nutrient security, diet affordability, and climate-compatibility) and different actor groups. T3.6: Tallying the environmental gains of novel food solutions at scale Lead: ULEI (15PM). Effort by contributors: UOXF (5PM), ETHZ (4PM), ZHAW (3PM), NILU (2PM), UOY (1PM). Timing: M35-48. EU-wide assessment of promising food system solutions identified in WP4 case studies (e.g. seaweed, in vitro meat, and spices), using standardised product and sector-specific effect sizes (from Task 4.8), will be undertaken to assess their impact mitigation potential for different European country when adopted at scale. Consumer and producer data (Task 3.3, 3.4, and 4.7), alongside industry-level insights on novel food solutions (Task 5.5), will inform adoption rates for consumer- and farmer-specific solutions proposed. Contributes to: D3.3 (M44).

Work package number	4
Work package title	Innovation in Sustainable Food Production
Objectives: This WP aims to address SO1, SO2 and SO6. We do this by identifying and mapping opportunities and innovative solutions, including existing good practices that address the identified impacts and promote the uptake of sustainable food production and food supply practices, including consumption practices, with minimum impact through case studies. The portfolio of case studies executed in this WP outline credible pathways to reduce pollution from food production in Europe.
Description of work: T4.1: Case study preparation and coordination Lead: NILUAB (5PM). Effort by contributors: NILU (3PM), ULAT (2PM), UOXF (1PM), HKR (1PM). Timing: M1-49. This task will set the frames and the boundaries for the case studies in order to get credible pathways to reduce pollution from food production. This will be fulfilled by workshops and dialogs among the task leaders of the WP. This task also includes the coordination of the WP. Contributes to: D4.1 (M12). T4.2: Exploring Solutions Lead: NILUAB (11PM). Effort by contributors: ULAT (7PM), HKR (6PM), ETHZ (2PM), CHALMERS (2PM), TETRA (1PM), SANTAMAR (1PM). Timing: M1-49. This Task consists of four case studies. Case study 1, on Sustainable spices (participants: SANTAMAR,) will assess the value chain of spices and estimate the environmental impact and improvement potential. Spices have been identified as the factor that can make European consumers accept novel foods. Therefore, in a system perspective it is of highly importance that the spices are produced in a lifecycle with minimum environmental impact. Firstly, identification of suitable spices for novel foods will take place together with industry. Then the system boundary of the study will be set as well as the functional unit. Data will be collected along the life cycle with site specific quality at the industry and at least country specific for the other parts of the life cycle. Several environmental impact categories will be assessed as for example climate impact, eutrophication, acidification, biodiversity and water usage. The improvement actions and potential challenges to decrease the environmental impact will be identified and assessed. Case study 1, on the Footprint of Seaweed (participants: ULAT) will assess the European seaweed value chain and estimate the potential environmental benefits from the implementation of seaweed in the food system. A systematic analysis of scientific literature, reports, and databases will be conducted to collect data on seaweed cultivation, nutritional value, processing technologies, and environmental impacts. Information will be scrutinised to estimate the potential environmental impact reduction achievable through seaweed implementation in the food system. Consultations and interviews with industry experts, stakeholders, potential end-users, and researchers will be undertaken to obtain valuable insights into seaweed cultivation and food innovation. The feasibility of integrating seaweed into the food chain will be assessed, taking into account factors such as scalability, sustainability, and economic viability. Case study 3, on the Footprint of Insect Meal for Human and Pet Food (Lead: HKR, participants: NILU AB, TETRAPAK) aims to develop tasty and sustainable food products based on insects. In parallel also pet food will be developed. One option in the transformation to a future sustainable food system is to use insects as food. Insects contain proteins with all essential amino acids and may be compared to beef or fish. Further, insects also contain poly-unsaturated and essential fatty acids. In comparison to both beef and fish the climate impact of rearing insects is low, and the production of protein is far more effective. The fulfilment of the aim is done by following actions: Development of recipes based on insects for both human and animal (pets) consumption. There will be a minimum of four varieties of the food where meat will be replaced by different amounts of insects, from 0% to 100% replacement. Both products, intended for humans and pets, are wet foods meant for shelf stable distribution. The products will be packaged and subjected for retort processing. For human food samples sensory profiles and consumer acceptance will be performed. For pet food samples acceptance tests will be performed in a test with pets. Calculations of nutritional value and climate impact. Strategies for increasing the acceptance of foods for humans and pets based on insects will be developed. Case study 4, on the Footprint of Cellular Agriculture (participant: CHALMERS) will assess the sustainability improvement potential as well as improve the existing LCA data of cellular agriculture. This is achieved by performing an inventory of the published LCA studies on cultivated meat and seafood. Assessing the future potential volume of production of cultivated meat in the EU. How much current meat consumption can we realistically replace with cultivated meat in the EU, and what would be the gain in reduction of the EU's environmental impact? Contributes to: D4.2 (M24). This task is linked to the following milestones: MS4.1 (M30). T4.3: Exploring Solutions: Novel Business Cases for Efficient cold chains Lead: BUW (15PM). Effort by contributors: NILU (3PM), NILUAB (1PM). Timing: M1-48. This task will demonstrate the potential of decreasing carbon emission and realise sustainable development synergies of scaling international low-carbon cold chains. Building on existing and new data collected through existing partnerships with fishing cooperatives in Uganda and Kenya, this task models the fish export supply chain from East Africa to the EU to estimate its carbon footprint, and assesses different integrated cold chain and energy system design specifications to minimise carbon emissions and maximise local development benefits in Africa. This task also uses semi-structured interviews in East Africa and the EU to assess implementation pathways of different servitization-based business model innovations for increasing cold chain coverage in Africa. Contributes to: D4.4 (M24). T4.4: Testing the causative effects of giving farmers information on their environmental impacts Lead: UOXF (28PM). Effort by contributors: ULEI (4PM). Timing: M1-49. The HESTIA producer survey will evaluate the environmental impacts of >1000 EU and non-EU farmers that are major contributors to the environmental impacts of European consumption and their willingness to adopt practices. This task will run an RCT to test whether (and by how much) giving these farmers information on their environmental impacts affects their perceptions, behaviour and actual farm practices and environmental outcomes. Test groups will be given access to the HESTIA farm sustainability toolkit (which will be co-designed with farmers), through which they will receive information on their environmental impacts, those impacts benchmarked against their peers, as well as access to an advice engine. In addition to this long-term goal testing effects on environmental outcomes (such as greenhouse gas emissions), we will also conduct questionnaires with farmers in the short- and medium-term to understand farmer preferences and behaviours, and if and how giving farmers information changes these. We will then commence further scaling in two stages: 1) roll access to the HESTIA Farm Sustainability Toolkit to all farmers our partners work with; 2) engage additional partners to identify pathways to scale to other key farming systems and geographies. Contributes to: D4.3 (M44). T4.5: Quantify the opportunity for gains from novel food solutions Lead: NILUAB (11PM). Effort by contributors: NILU (4PM), UOY (2PM), ULAT (2PM), BUW (2PM), ZHAW (2PM), ULEI (1PM), UOXF (1PM), HKR (1PM), TETRA (1PM). Timing: M1-49. This task will make concluding quantified assessment of credible pathways to reduce pollution from food production based on the case studies. Information of the food system interventions, their impacts and reduction potential across multiple environmental impacts will be described based on the result of task 4.2-3. The barriers and enabling factors will be identified and related to interventions which weaken and strengthen the impact reduction potential of good practices. The result will be used as an input to Task 3.6 where the consumption data for each European country will be added in order to expand the system result from individual food items to country level. Contributes to: D4.5 (M44).

Work package number	5
Work package title	Balancing the Interests
Objectives: This WP aims to address SO4 and SO6. We do this by (i) Bringing together multiple actors across the food system, policy and academia to help create more useful and accessible solutions that will shape the food system and how data is used; (ii) conducting primary research among key players across the food system (from producers to retailers) to help identify the most innovative and accessible solutions and ensure alignment between those providing, enforcing and using the solutions; (iii) Exploring trade-offs and synergies across different proposed solutions to identify market readiness, scalability, needs and barriers to use. This WP addresses the Commission’s request to evaluate trade-offs and synergies between environmental concerns and other aspects of the food system (e.g. food accessibility, food security, employment, land use, food waste, packaging etc.). Insights will help to identify policy mixes consistent with a sustainable and equitable food future for all. To explore the full range of trade-offs and synergies, WP5 will run throughout the 4-year project to ensure that a multi-actor approach is utilised at all major milestones. Feedback from key industry, policy and academic experts will be gathered and used to inform decisions made about final solutions to increase the likelihood of uptake of the final solutions proposed. This WP addresses the call requirements to implement the multi-actor approach by involving a wide range of food system actors and conducting interdisciplinary research, and to support actors across the food systems through new available knowledge, shared existing data on environmental and climate impacts of food systems and identification of innovative solutions.
Description of work: T5.1: Stakeholder Advisory Group and EU engagement Lead: GLOBE (16PM). Effort by contributors: ZHAW (1PM). Timing: M4-48. The creation of a multi- actor Advisory Group will ensure there is a dialogue between industry, regulators and scientists throughout WP1-6 during the 4-year project. Members’ unique expert perspectives will enable them to share feedback on deliverables from other WPs, and share ideas, suggestions and improvements that result in the creation of more useful and accessible solutions. The global Advisory Group will incorporate a wide range of food industry actors (suppliers, retailers, farmers), consumer representatives, regulators (government, policy makers, advisors etc.) and scientists (e.g. academic leads from other WPs). Throughout the 4-year project we will ensure at least one in-person workshop takes place each year between the Advisory Group and broader interested parties e.g., policymakers, EU representatives etc. The 1.5 day workshops will be used to bring business, research and legislative stakeholders together to ensure interests are aligned and solutions are effective. The workshops will be used for a variety of things e.g. to share expertise, explore policy requirements, feed into solution design, trial solutions etc. Insights will feed into other WPs throughout the years. These regular meetings will build and strengthen the network across the food system, with the aim of encouraging more uptake and promotion of the proposed end solutions. Additionally, we will create a Governance Committee. Setting up a Governance Committee will ensure successful and efficient running of WP5 as the group will organise, facilitate and execute tasks within WP5, ensure timelines and deliverables are met, and share sector/topic expertise where required. The Governance Committee will consist of 3-4 members, with potential partners including Cool Farm and The Nature Conservancy. The extensive, multi-actor networks of each Governance Committee member will also be utilised throughout the project. This task is linked to the following milestones: MS5.1 (M8). T5.2: Stakeholder insights: Horizon Scanning to Identify Gaps Toward TRL 7 Lead: GLOBE (16PM). Effort by contributors: ULEI (1PM), UOY (1PM), ETHZ (1PM). Timing: M10-18. Primary research will be conducted with members of the Advisory Group and their wider industry networks of hundreds of food system stakeholders across Europe in the form of an online survey to explore current context around industry use of LCA data e.g. economic and technical barriers to access, consumer expectations, needs, priorities, opportunities, current use patterns, and suggestions for improvements etc. Horizon scanning is a triage-based method designed to elicit top concerns and policy priorities of different groups through workshops or surveys, and will be used to revise, refine and rank research priorities or questions for LCA/footprint tool development, like 'Top 30 food industry priorities for food footprinting tools'. Additionally as part of this task we will undertake a research and insights dissemination and feedback session. During an in-person or online briefing and collaboration session (online session would utilise GlobeScan’s proprietary collaboration forum software which offers automatic translation into alternate languages) the Advisory Group would be presented with relevant primary data and insights (from Task 3.3 and Task 5.3), plus other proprietary research from the Governance Committee (e.g. EAT/GlobeScan’s Grains of Truth report). Advisory Group feedback and reactions to this data will help identify where there is stakeholder and end-consumer alignment or differences (synergies or trade-offs) in the needs and wants around the environmental information on food and the potential solutions. It will identify areas where solutions are needed, alongside barriers and motivators, with findings from discussions feeding into WP4. Contributes to: D5.1 (M18). T5.3: Evaluation of potential solutions for industry readiness Lead: GLOBE (5PM). Effort by contributors: ULEI (1PM). Timing: M24-48. In-person workshops or roundtable sessions with the Advisory Group will share some of the solutions explored and developed in WP2 (Task 2.4) and WP4 and gather multi-actor feedback on them. This will allow for deeper engagement, dialogue and alignment between those providing, enforcing and using the solutions to ensure the most innovative and accessible solutions are discovered. They will help identify potential quick-wins, solutions which need more long-term investment, and solutions which may not be appropriate for further investigation. Insights gathered on industry readiness and uptake of solutions will inform assessment of their potential scalability within the EU (Task 3.7). This task contributes to D5.2 (M40). Contributes to: D5.2 (M40). T5.4: Standard uptake through engagement with the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group Lead: CLIMCO (23PM). Effort by contributors: GLOBE (2PM), NILU (1PM), NILUAB (1PM), ULEI (1PM), UOY (1PM), COOL (1PM). Timing: M1-48. DDMXX this should not appear since we should not re-initailize again in tasks.ts. To support EU disclosure regulation a continuous effort will be dedicated to integrating the insights acquired from this and adjacent portfolio projects into the development relevant sustainability reporting standard setters, including EFRAG and others, e.g. GRI and/or ISSB considering evolving policy contexts. Particular attention will be given to supporting European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS), focussing on the sector-specific standards for the food and beverages sector. Two team members from Climate & Company are seconded to EFRAG’s writing team for the sector standards Agriculture, Farming and Fishing as well as Food and Beverages. They will be able to include significant insights from GREENGROCER into shaping the disclosure requirements of the latter. While EFRAG remains a key standard setter to engage, we recommend broadening our engagement to include other relevant standard setters, particularly GRI and potentially ISSB. This broadened approach is especially important considering the EU Commission’s Omnibus Proposal, which increases the relative relevance of voluntary, internationally recognized standards like GRI. Including those stakeholders, too, could enhance the project’s relevance and impact. The development of the Food and Beverages standard relies on leveraging scientific insights into the ESG impacts of food and beverage systems to formulate disclosure requirements that are both ambitious in addressing the needs of people and the planet, while also being practical and feasible for companies to report on. Furthermore, the insights of this project will help to create meaningful and comparable data that is used by financial institutions to make informed investment decisions, necessary for the sustainable transition. Milestones: M5.2 Introduction of GreenGrocer activities to the ESRS working group (M24). In this task we will create an online platform (exact format TBD) that will highlight and help match innovative solutions developed in the project and challenges and information gaps in sustainability disclosure field, especially within regard to the food sector. By explicitly showcasing both solutions and challenges, we can better match innovative approaches with existing needs and help project outputs to take policy needs into consideration more easily and timely. This platform would serve as an interface between solution providers (e.g. researchers from the project consortium) and those that need them (e.g. standard setters). While standard-setters (EFRAG and others) are an important audience, we envision the platform and its content being accessible and informative to a broader group, including companies aiming to improve their sustainability reporting and the financial sector developing financing solutions for the transition. Similarly, we could also showcase relevant solutions beyond the project through the platform. While active engagement by different groups directly on / through the platform would be valuable, the platform can also function as a resource for us to extract insights and share them with relevant contacts. Contributes to: D5.3 (M22). This task is linked to the following milestones: MS5.2 (M24). T5.5: Develop policy recommendations for selected EU countries Lead: NILU (3PM). Effort by contributors: COOL (2PM), NILUAB (1PM), ULEI (1PM), UOXF (0.5PM). Timing: M18-48. The insights from analysis of different improvement domains (waste, diets, sourcing, agri-innovation) and case study analysis (WP3 and WP4) will be contextualised for selected, complementary countries identified as interesting based on the insights gained. This contextualisation will consider the feasibility of food transition pathways with high impact reduction potential, in view of existing national policies, governance, and contexts of food production, consumption and trade. Through the project we will work to facilitate direct conversations between members of the project consortium and key stakeholders, particularly between researchers and: (1) The financial sector (e.g., to help banks develop financing solutions for the food sector’s transition)., (2) Standard setters (e.g., EFRAG, and potentially others such as GRI)., and (3) Companies in the food sector preparing their sustainability reports and facing challenges in assessing risks and impacts within their value chains. We will aim at organizing at least two workshops between project consortium members and decision-makers in these areas to ensure practical, user-informed outputs and visibility / increased impact for project outputs. Contributes to: D5.4 (M46), D5.5 (M24). T5.6: Pratice Abstracts Lead: UOXF (1.5PM). Effort by contributors: GLOBE (2PM). Timing: M1-48. Practice abstracts (lead: OXFORD, COOL, participants: All, timing: M1-M48). This project requires a multi- actor approach. This means that we should deliver practical knowledge/approaches/tools, following a defined template and disseminate it through appropriate channels. This is done through the so called “practice abstracts”. The project will deliver two (2) Practice abstracts (PAs) in the EIP-AGRI format. Practice Abstracts aim to facilitate the flow of information from projects to end-users and share relevant innovative and practice-oriented knowledge developed in the projects. The resulting innovative knowledge from this project will feed into the EIP-AGRI (The agricultural European Innovation Partnership) website for broad dissemination to practitioners. End-user material will be produced in the form of a number of summaries for practitioners in the EIP common format ("practice abstracts"). The project details will also be submitted to the platform with the first deliverable submission. We will follow the guidance and templates from the EIP-AGRI web site: http://ec.europa.eu/eip/agriculture/en/content/eip-agri-common-format. A total target number of two (2) practice abstracts is foreseen for the project. Contributes to: D5.6 (M48), D5.7 (M24).

Work package number	6
Work package title	Coordination, Dissemination, and Outreach
Objectives: This WP aims to address SO6 by developing communication, dissemination and exploitation strategies and managing communication and dissemination activities. Top level project management will also occur within this WP to ensure that the GREENGROCER objectives are efficiently met, on time, and with the resources budgeted. This WP will act as the liaison between the project consortium, the EC, and the project officer.
Description of work: T6.1: Management of financial legal and administrative requirements Lead: NILU (9PM). Effort by contributors: NILUAB (2PM), UOY (2PM), ETHZ (1PM), GLOBE (1PM), SEI (1PM), UOXF (1PM), ARBO (1PM), COOL (1PM), CLIMCO (1PM), ULAT (1PM), BUW (1PM), DDS (1PM), ZHAW (1PM), ULEI (0.5PM), INTEC (0.5PM). Timing: M1-49. In this task we will manage and coordinate all financial and administrative activities in the project, including monitoring and maintaining the overall adherence to the financial budgets. T1.1 will deliver a project toolbox to ensure a smooth communication and cooperation between the project partners. This task will forward the EU contribution according to the work plan, the Consortium Agreement and the decisions made by the consortium. The administrative and financial monitoring of the project will be done by the project coordinator in cooperation with the Project Management Board (coordinator and WP leaders). T6.2: Technical project management and coordination Lead: NILU (9PM). Effort by contributors: UOY (1PM), ETHZ (1PM), UOXF (1PM), INTEC (0.5PM). Timing: M1-49. In this task, we will perform technical project management and coordination of the consortium. NILU will oversee that deliverables, milestones and tasks are complemented on time and submitted in accordance with the contractual obligations. To monitor progress and quality a management system will be set up. In the first 6 months of the project, NILU will work with project partners to implement an effective and agile management system detailing different roles and responsibilities for each task and subtask. The project management board, consisting of coordinator and work package leads will meet frequently to oversee implementation, internal coherence and information flow. We will keep a continuous risk register and associated mitigation strategies, updated by task leaders along the project duration, to inform the management board of potential challenges in implementation. T6.3: Outreach communication dissemination and clustering Lead: NILU (9PM). Effort by contributors: UOY (3PM), GLOBE (2PM), ETHZ (1PM), UOXF (1PM), ARBO (1PM), ZHAW (1PM), ULEI (0.5PM), INTEC (0.5PM). Timing: M1-49. In this task, we will manage activities related to outreach, communication and dissemination. We will develop and regularly update a communication and dissemination plan that will identify effective communication and dissemination activities and guide partners in WP1-5 to implement these. We will develop a visual identity and project website, and manage and update the various communication channels (website and social media accounts). We will create a log of events to guide partners in communication activities. We will support WP5 with the stakeholder workshops. Further, the task will stimulate knowledge sharing activities such as training and webinars across the consortium. Lastly, the task will actively seek to link with other cluster EU HE activities. This task is linked to the following milestones: MS6.1 (M4). T6.4: Exploitation strategies and business cases Lead: NILU (9PM). Effort by contributors: UOY (2PM), ULEI (1PM), SEI (1PM), UOXF (1PM), ZHAW (1PM), INTEC (0.5PM). Timing: M1-49. GREENGROCER has a distinct set of exploitable outcomes. In this task, we will develop the initial exploitation routes for data products, tools, methodologies, and standardisation activities. Starting out from key exploitation routes, we will develop business model canvases for each of the GREENGROCER outcomes, starting by identifying target markets (e.g. science to science, science to business, B2B or B2C), value propositions, and potential value capture models (e.g. freemium, SaaS -models). For data products developed under an open source licence, this task has clear links with the Data management and open science practices (T6.5) and communication and dissemination strategies. Contributes to: D6.2 (M9), D6.7 (M46). T6.5: Data Management and Open Science Lead: NILU (8PM). Effort by contributors: UOY (4PM), ULEI (2PM). Timing: M1-49. In this task, we prepare an overarching data management plan (DMP) for the project. We will solicit guidance from the experienced University of York Library Open Science team if required. The DMP will be developed in compliance with the EC guidelines on data management in Horizon Europe projects (cf. section 2.2). The DMP will be updated periodically. Contributes to: D6.1 (M6), D6.5 (M24), D6.6 (M48). T6.6: Gender and ethics dimensions Lead: NILU (8PM). Effort by contributors: NILUAB (2PM). Timing: M1-7. The objective of this task is to ensure that relevant ethical principles, including research ethics, gender issues, and RRI (Responsible Research and Innovation) are addressed in the execution of GREENGROCER. It will review data management for privacy issues and compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation where relevant, review the methodological setup of models which could have a gender or ethics dimension, including the proposed AI model under Task 2.4 and facilitate the education of the project consortium in elements such as ethical impact assessment and responsible research and innovation. Ethics workshop will support the development of understanding and inclusion of ethics aspects in the project. This task links in particular to WP2, WP3, and WP5. Contributes to: D6.3 (M6).